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What is the difference between the 2 raid implementations - software and hardware?

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Q: What is the difference between the 2 raid implementations - software and hardware?

A:

Software RAID relies on your computers processor to do all the calculations required to split the data across the drives in the RAID set. This reduces the amount of processor power available to other programs. The advantage is that it is cheaper and you don't have to buy specific hardware.

Hardware RAID means that the job of managing the RAID set is given to a dedicated processor chip in the drive enclosure or on the RAID interface card. The advantage is that it is faster than Software RAID. Disadvantage is that it is more expensive. In the case of a hardware RAID card, your machine would have to have an available slot to put the card in.

RAID (Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks) is a general term for the technique of using more than one hard drive to store data, and arranging them so that the data is spread over both drives for increased speed and higher reliability (redundancy) There are several levels of RAID

RAID 0 (striping) -- not redundant, this uses 2 drives and 'stripes' the data between drives for faster performance. Reliability is lower than a single drive, because if any one drive fails, you lose all the data on all drives in the RAID 0 set.

RAID 1 (mirroring) -- a set of 2 drives of the same capacity, writes all the data to both drives simultaneously. Provides higher reliability because no data would be lost if one drive failed. Capacity is half of the total of the drives. No benefit to writing speed (may actually be slower than a single drive because of the RAID processing overhead), little or no benefit to reading speed.

RAID 5 uses 3 or more drives to stripe data across multiple disks for speed, plus uses some disk space for redundancy data. Can survive the failure of any one disk. It wastes the capacity of one disk drive, so it is more efficient than RAID 1

RAID 10, 1+0 and 0+1 are combinations of RAID 0 and RAID 1 to provide both striping and mirroring.

RAID systems are of benefit mainly to computers that are under heavy disk read and write loads such as servers with multiple users, scientific workstations or professional video production. It is generally not of benefit to single user workstations using typical home/office/gaming software.

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